Experimental tests in ecology face challenges due to the dilemma of null hypothesis. Traditional statistical methods like Fisher's falsificationism and Neyman-Pearson's approach make it difficult to strictly test ecological hypotheses. The differences between ecological and classic physics hypotheses further complicate experimental validation. Strategies like reducing P values, careful null hypothesis selection, and using two-tailed tests can help alleviate these challenges. However, relying solely on statistical significance testing may not always provide logically reliable conclusions for ecological hypotheses.