The study looked at how soil organic matter and total nitrogen vary in Yucheng city at different scales. They used GIS, statistics, and geostatistics to analyze the data. The results showed that the levels of organic matter and nitrogen varied moderately between the two scales. As the scale decreased, the variation in organic matter increased while the variation in nitrogen decreased slightly. The soil organic matter and nitrogen levels were found to be spatially correlated at different distances. At the county scale, the correlation distance was larger than at the town scale. Factors like topology and soil type influenced the distribution of organic matter and nitrogen in the soil.