Yield gap is the difference between actual crop yield and the maximum yield possible with perfect conditions. In West Africa, crop management factors like nutrients and pests are more limiting than climate. While climate change could reduce yields by 20% by 2050, closing the yield gap could increase yields by up to 390%. Despite climate variations, actual yields have been stable compared to potential yields. The study used crop models to compare yields with different levels of fertilization over 20 years of weather data.