The study looked at how different types of land use affect soil erosion in the Lancang River watershed in Yunnan Province. They used GIS spatial analysis and statistical calculations to analyze the data. The results showed that areas with cultivation, woodland, and grassland had higher soil erosion risk. Cultivated land, grassland, and water areas experienced more severe soil erosion. Land use changes had a significant impact on soil erosion in different parts of the watershed. In the upper catchment, factors like terrain and climate played a bigger role in soil erosion than land use changes.