Dopamine helps cucumber plants grow better and handle stress from too much nitrate in the soil. When plants were stressed by nitrate, their growth and chlorophyll levels decreased, but dopamine helped them bounce back. Nitrate also affected how plants processed sugars and nitrogen, but dopamine improved these processes. Dopamine boosted the activity of important enzymes and genes involved in carbon and nitrogen metabolism. Overall, dopamine plays a crucial role in supporting plant growth and helping them cope with nitrate stress.