The study suggests that people may make seemingly irrational choices in decision-making processes due to a fear of losing out on potential gains. By analyzing data from experiments, researchers found that individuals tend to avoid small risks even if it means missing out on better outcomes. This behavior can be explained by a concept called expectations-based loss aversion, where individuals prioritize avoiding losses over maximizing gains. This finding sheds light on why people may opt for costly strategies that seem illogical at first glance.