The study looked at how rainfall affects river flow in the Upper Saline River area of Kansas from 1956 to 1987. They used a method to figure out how much rain fell each year and compared it to how much water flowed in the river. By looking at the land's slope and how it's used, they found that rain patterns, slope, and land practices all impact how much water ends up in the river. They saw that streamflow decreased gradually in the east and sharply in the west of the area. Overall, the study shows that rainfall, slope, and land use play a big role in how much water flows in the river over time and across different parts of the area.