The scientists studied evapotranspiration in Gangtok in 2008. They used a method called Penman Monteith to calculate daily evapotranspiration and separate it into evaporation and transpiration. The highest evapotranspiration occurred in April, while the lowest was in July. November had the most evaporation, and April had the highest transpiration. The researchers found that changes in Leaf Area Index reflected vegetation activity in Gangtok. The separation of evaporation and transpiration showed how much water crops and plants used in Gangtok in 2008.