Rice productivity in Ethiopia is low due to factors like weeds, pests, and soil nutrient deficiencies. To improve soil fertility and rice production, farmers need to apply fertilizers correctly. Nitrogen is crucial for rice growth, and applying it at the right times is important. Using both organic and inorganic fertilizers together can increase yields. Experiments have shown that integrating NP and FYM fertilizers gives better results than using them alone. By adjusting fertilizer rates and timings, farmers can overcome soil fertility issues and increase rice yields.