The study looked at water supply and demand in Shenzhen, China, which has been facing water shortages due to rapid city growth. The researchers wanted to understand how water use in the city impacts its ecosystems. They found that the city needs more water than it has, especially in urban areas, with 81.1% of the basins lacking enough water. Factors like buildings, forests, and population density affect the balance of water supply and demand. The main water needs will be for nature and households in the future. To manage water better, the government should focus on conserving water, using it wisely, and creating water-saving habits. It's also suggested to plan green areas better to reduce the need for water in the environment.