Long-term straw mulching under no-tillage conditions in meadow soil can increase soil compaction and moisture, decrease soil temperature, and alter soil pore sizes. The more straw coverage, the greater the impact on soil properties. The study conducted over eight years in Heilongjiang Province showed that straw mulching significantly increased soil bulk density and solid fraction, while decreasing soil temperature and total porosity. Soil water content increased with more straw mulching. Overall, straw mulching can change soil physical properties, affecting soil compaction, moisture, temperature, and pore sizes in the top soil layer.