The researchers studied a special type of engine called the Atkinson cycle engine to see if it could operate efficiently at high loads. They used computer simulations to compare it to a regular turbocharged engine. The Atkinson engine showed better efficiency and lower chances of engine knocking. At lower speeds, it improved efficiency by 16%, and at higher speeds, it was 27% more efficient. This was because the Atkinson engine could handle high loads without needing as much fuel enrichment, making it a better choice for maximizing efficiency.