The researchers studied 18 different types of cucumbers to see how genetically different they are. They looked at the plants' appearance and used special markers to compare their DNA. The markers showed that most of the cucumber types had differences in their genes. The cucumbers were grouped into two main categories based on their DNA. When looking at just the appearance of the plants, they were split into three groups. Overall, the cucumbers had low genetic variation, meaning they were quite similar to each other. The results from the DNA markers matched up with the plant appearance groups.