North Africa is facing serious climate change challenges, with countries like Algeria being particularly vulnerable due to high sensitivity. The region is at risk of temperature increases and droughts, which could worsen water scarcity issues. The Arab Spring showed that social unrest can be linked to unmet food and water needs, which may be exacerbated by climate change. To address these issues, it is important to reduce reliance on rain-fed agriculture, promote sustainable land use, and improve adaptive capacity. Collaboration between countries and local vulnerability assessments are crucial for effective mitigation.