The scientists studied the levels of nitrogen, phosphorus, and carbon in the sediment of Zhushan Bay at Taihu Lake. They found that these nutrients were higher in the bay compared to the open lake area. The surface sediments had higher levels of these nutrients than the deeper sediments. The phosphorus content in the sediment suggests heavy pollution, while nitrogen levels indicate slight pollution. The northern part of Zhushan Bay is heavily polluted, especially with organic matter. Overall, the bay is facing significant pollution issues.