Researchers studied different rice genotypes to understand how they combine to affect yield and related traits. They found that certain lines and testers showed good combining abilities for traits like grain yield. Specific crosses, like GZ 9461-4-2-3-1 / Milyang 349, had significant positive effects on grain yield. Traits like plant height and panicle weight were strongly linked to grain yield. These findings suggest that certain crosses could be useful in breeding programs to improve rice yield.