The study looked at how well drainage systems work in agricultural areas to prevent floods and salinization. They observed different types of drainage systems from 1990 to 2019 and found that deep horizontal drainage systems were the most effective in stabilizing groundwater levels. These systems prevented clogging and root intrusion, ensuring efficient water removal. Vertical drainage efficiency depended on maintenance and equipment quality. Overall, the research aimed to improve the design of drainage systems for better water management in agricultural areas.