The study looked at how different ways of managing Moso bamboo plantations affect the carbon and nitrogen content in the soil. They compared undisturbed, extensively managed, and intensively managed bamboo forests with a control forest. The researchers found that undisturbed and extensively managed bamboo forests had higher levels of organic carbon and nitrogen in the soil compared to the control forest. Intensive management decreased the levels of organic carbon and nitrogen in the soil but increased certain ratios. The chemical structure of the soil organic carbon was also affected by the management practices. Overall, increasing organic matter input from bamboo residues improved the stability of soil organic carbon, with clay minerals playing a key role in protecting it.