Tree crops in China, like fruit trees, can compete with natural forests for land. However, growing tree crops can also help rural communities by providing income and reducing labor shortages. A study found that while tree crops reduce the extent of natural forests, they can increase the density of trees in those forests. This suggests that growing tree crops can benefit both people and forests in China's southern provinces. Policymakers should consider promoting natural forest recovery and reevaluate how tree crops are classified to ensure the best outcomes for both forests and rural populations.