The research studied the sustainability of Xi’an city by calculating its ecological footprint per person from 2000 to 2017. Results show the city had an ecological deficit each year, higher than the global average. Both the ecological footprint and deficit increased annually, surpassing the growth of ecological capacity. Using a prediction model, it was evident that Xi’an's environmental load exceeds its capacity due to human activities, highlighting unsustainable development. To improve this situation, enhancing industrial efficiency, adopting energy-saving habits, investing in environmental protection, and advancing technology are crucial for Xi’an's sustainable growth.