The article discusses how patients with chronic kidney disease can adapt to a low-protein diet by efficiently using dietary amino acids and reducing ureagenesis. It distinguishes between adaptation and accommodation to low protein intakes, highlighting the importance of avoiding protein deficiency. Factors like acidosis, insulin resistance, and inflammation can hinder the body's ability to respond to a low-protein diet. Short-term studies show that patients with CKD can adjust their muscle protein turnover to a low-protein diet, improving efficiency. Long-term trials on very-low-protein diets in CKD patients have shown a good safety profile, supporting the benefits observed in short-term studies.