The study looked at how different irrigation methods and nitrogen application affected soil water, nitrate levels, and wheat growth. They tested flooding irrigation, micro-sprinkler irrigation, and drip irrigation with two nitrogen application levels. Results showed that flooding irrigation had the most impact on soil water, followed by drip irrigation and micro-sprinkler irrigation. Nitrogen application affected nitrate levels in the soil, with different effects at different growth stages. Overall, micro-sprinkler irrigation and drip irrigation led to higher wheat stem and panicle numbers, yield, water use efficiency, and nitrogen use efficiency compared to flooding irrigation. However, the lower nitrogen application level resulted in higher stem and panicle numbers, but lower grain number per panicle, yield, and efficiency.