The article presents a new way to measure the impact of using biomass for biofuels on climate change. The researchers created a framework that considers different factors like emissions from fossil fuels, CO2 from biomass, and changes in land use. They studied seven biofuel case studies and found that first-generation biofuels have higher greenhouse gas emissions than fossil fuels. Second- and third-generation biofuels have lower emissions, but there is uncertainty in the results. Overall, using biomass for biofuels can have both positive and negative effects on the environment.