A special sphere made from glucose was created to help break down cellulose into sugar faster. This sphere is like a tiny mill that grinds cellulose into small pieces, making it easier to turn into sugar. By using this sphere with a little bit of sulfuric acid and microwave heat, they were able to convert all the cellulose into sugar quickly. In just 15 minutes, they got almost all the sugar possible from the cellulose. The sugar they made mostly turned into glucose, which is a key kind of sugar. This method is a great way to change cellulose into sugar fast and efficiently.