The study looked at how the way banks are run affects the quality of loans they give out in Tunisia. They studied the ownership structure, board size, and composition of the ten biggest banks in Tunisia from 2001 to 2012. The researchers found that when ownership of a bank is concentrated in a few hands, the quality of loans tends to be worse. However, having independent members on the board of directors helps improve loan quality by keeping a closer eye on things. They also found that banks where the CEO holds dual roles tend to manage their loans better.