The article addresses how energy efficiency in cooling systems is vital for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. It focuses on the shift to low-GWP alternatives in air conditioning and refrigeration. The researchers talk about efforts to make cooling equipment more energy-efficient and analyze the potential for using low-GWP substances to save energy. They look at past refrigerant conversions over 30 years and explore ways to improve energy efficiency in current cooling systems. The study suggests that switching to low-GWP alternatives can lead to significant energy savings in the air conditioning sector.