The study looked at how cadmium, copper, and lead age in different soils in China under varying temperatures and water levels. They found that most of these heavy metals became more stable within 5 days. Lead transformed the fastest, followed by copper and then cadmium. The type of soil and its properties, like pH and organic matter, played a big role in this process. Higher temperatures and more water in the soil sped up the transformation of these heavy metals into safer forms. Overall, factors like soil type, environmental conditions, type of metal, and how long the pollution has been present all affect how heavy metals age in soil.