The study looked at how different amounts of shrub-grass plants and steepness of slopes affect runoff and soil erosion during rainfall. They found that having more vegetation cover and gentler slopes reduced the amount of water and sediment flowing down the hills. The vegetation helped slow down the start of runoff and lower its speed. However, steeper slopes increased runoff and erosion. The benefits of vegetation were more noticeable with higher rainfall intensity. Overall, having more shrub-grass plants can help reduce soil erosion and runoff, especially on the Loess Plateau.