Land resources are scarce in China due to rapid urbanization. To manage land use conflicts, a study in the Heihe River area used water resource constraints to evaluate land competitiveness. By analyzing data from 2000 and 2015, they found that conflicts were most severe in central and northwest areas, with cultivated land and construction land being the main conflicting types. Urban development and water scarcity were key factors driving conflicts. The study suggests balancing ecological, economic, and social services to guide future land use and resolve conflicts.