The article discusses how the medical industry works differently from a competitive model, which is often used as a standard for comparison. The main focus is on the uncertainty and unpredictability of medical services, which are not like buying regular goods. The demand for medical care is irregular and only needed when someone is sick. The article suggests that in a competitive market where all costs are accounted for, the equilibrium is optimal, meaning it's the best way to allocate resources for everyone involved.