The study looked at how soil reacts to irrigation water with high sodium levels, which can harm soil quality. By testing different soil properties like Atterberg limits and water retention, researchers found that soils with more smectite clay are more sensitive to sodium. They discovered that the liquid limit and water retention increased in soils with more sodium-saturated smectite. The plasticity index also increased significantly in smectitic soils with high sodium levels. Overall, the study showed that certain soil properties can help predict how soil will respond to high sodium levels in irrigation water.