Land consolidation in China's Shaanxi Province focuses on increasing cultivated land and improving quality. Projects include land reclamation and cropland consolidation. Results show that these projects mainly contribute to increased cultivated land. Different regions have different project focuses, with rural settlement consolidation mainly in certain areas. China should be cautious about expanding land reclamation, prioritize cropland consolidation for food security, and carefully plan rural settlement consolidation in remote areas during urbanization.