The study compared different ways of preparing soil for planting crops to see which one helps crops grow best. They looked at zero tillage, permanent beds, and traditional tillage methods for growing wheat, maize, mustard, and chickpeas. The results showed that using zero tillage or permanent beds with residue left on the soil helped crops grow taller, produce more biomass, and have higher yields compared to traditional tillage methods. Wheat grew best in permanent beds, while maize, mustard, and chickpeas did better with zero tillage. Overall, conservation agriculture practices like zero tillage and permanent beds can increase crop productivity for rabi season crops.