The researchers studied sesame plants to see how well different hybrids performed in terms of seed yield and other traits. They crossed two lines with ten testers to create 20 new hybrids. They found that some hybrids had significantly better seed yield than others, with one combination showing a 17.71% increase in seed yield compared to the standard variety. This means that certain combinations of parent plants can produce offspring with higher seed yields, showing the potential for improving sesame crops through selective breeding.