Global changes that enhance resources can speed up ecosystem processes but reduce diversity. Researchers studied how adding nutrients and rainfall to a grassland affected ecosystem functions. Nutrients alone made the system cycle faster, but when combined with rainfall, this effect lessened. Soil nutrients played a big role in this interaction. Nutrients and water separately affected plant traits and productivity differently, showing above- and belowground responses diverge. Faster cycling was linked to fewer plant species and more exotic species. When resources are no longer limited, ecosystems change in complex ways.