The researchers used earthworms to turn paper mill sludge and tea waste into useful manure by mixing them with cow dung. They checked the changes in the mixture every 30 days for 90 days. The pH stayed between 6.09 and 6.95 in all mixtures. The levels of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium increased in all mixtures after vermicomposting. The total organic carbon decreased the most in the mixture with the most paper mill sludge. The carbon to nitrogen ratio also decreased in all mixtures. This shows that paper mill sludge and tea waste, when mixed with cow dung, can be turned into good fertilizer with the help of earthworms.