Biofuels are seen as the future fuel due to pollution and fossil fuel depletion. Biomasses like food crops, non-food crops, and microalgae are used for biofuel production. Methods like fermentation and transesterification are used to produce biofuels like bioethanol and biodiesel. These biofuels are blended with petroleum fuels for transportation. It is important to produce biofuels sustainably without harming food supplies, land quality, or biodiversity. Governments support biofuel producers with tax exemptions and biomass sales guarantees. This is changing the global energy sector.