Climate change affects soil quality and sustainability by reducing organic matter, altering decomposition rates, changing nutrient patterns, increasing erosion, and causing salinity in coastal lands. Soil can store carbon, helping to combat climate change. Practices like minimal tillage, retaining crop residue, and using organic and inorganic nutrients can improve soil health and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Recycling crop residues and reducing tillage intensity can increase soil carbon. Implementing sound soil and crop management policies can enhance soil health and support climate-smart agriculture.