Polar vortex strengthening triggers temperature spikes in upper stratosphere, impacting climate.
When the polar vortex gets stronger, the upper stratosphere near the poles heats up. In the southern hemisphere, this happens from autumn to spring. Outside the vortex, temperatures are lower, especially in spring. In the north, the upper atmosphere warms during a stronger polar vortex. Temperature changes depend on ozone levels and vortex dynamics. If ozone decreases within a strong vortex, upper stratosphere temperatures rise.