The researchers studied how using cow manure and NPK fertilizer affects the growth and chemical makeup of Satureja macrantha L. plants. They found that using manure or a combination of manure and NPK fertilizer increased the plant's dry weight yield and essential oil percentage. The essential oil yield was highest when plants were treated with organic manure. The main compounds in the essential oil were p-cymene, γ-terpinene, and thymol. The minerals in the plants, like phosphorus and potassium, were improved by the fertilizers. Overall, combining manure and NPK fertilizer is recommended for getting the best essential oil from S. macrantha L.