The study looked at what factors affect how much money manufacturing companies in Vietnam have on hand. They checked things like how big the company's board is, how independent the board members are, how big the company is, how old it is, and how much money it makes. They used different ways to measure how well the companies are managing their money. The results showed that bigger companies with bigger boards and more independent members tend to manage their money better. Also, companies with higher profits tend to have more money available. But the age of the company doesn't seem to make a difference in how well they manage their money.