The researchers used satellite imagery to study mangrove coverage in Sidoarjo. They calculated different vegetation indexes to map the distribution of mangroves and found that the mangrove areas have decreased over time due to human activities. The study aimed to identify the extent of mangrove coverage, analyze the differences between the vegetation indexes, and recommend the most suitable index for mapping mangroves. The results showed that the mangrove areas in Sedati, Buduran, Sidoarjo, and Jabon have varying vegetation densities, with SAVI and MSAVI indicating different ranges of vegetation density compared to EVI.