Residual electricity demand is the amount of power needed that renewable sources can't provide. A study looked at what factors affect this demand. They found that previous demand, holidays, day of the week, and temperature all play a role. The outside temperature affects demand less when it varies across a country. Heating and cooling needs have a bigger impact on residual demand than total demand. Residual demand is harder to predict than total demand. This means that electricity providers and policymakers need better models to forecast residual demand accurately.