The article discusses the need to improve state control and supervision in Russia to balance law enforcement and reduce pressure on businesses. The researchers analyzed the development of control and supervision systems, identified three stages of legislative regulation, and highlighted the benefits of the new Federal law. The law promotes a risk-based approach, clear regulations, and a shift from punishment to prevention in control activities. If properly implemented, these changes could lessen the burden on businesses and improve the effectiveness of state oversight. However, there is still a need for standardizing terminology in this area.