In forests, using heavy machinery for logging can harm soil and water. Scientists studied how steepness affects water runoff and soil loss from compacted soil. They tested different slopes (5% to 40%) on a 2m2 plot during rainstorms over a year. Results showed: - More slope led to more runoff up to 25%, then it decreased. - Slopes of 25% were worst for runoff. - Sediment loss rose up to 30% slope, then fell at steeper slopes. Steeper slopes increase runoff and soil loss on compacted forest soils, affecting water resources.