The article explores why companies invest in research and development (R&D) to lower production costs in the future. In a monopoly, a single company invests in R&D to maintain its dominance, while in a competitive market, all firms invest to stay ahead. The study compares R&D incentives in monopoly and oligopoly settings, finding that more firms lead to increased R&D investments. Ultimately, the research evaluates the impact of competition on R&D investments and welfare in different market structures.