The study looked at how different types of nutrients affect the growth of cowpea plants. They tested seven different treatments in a field in Dehradun, India, and found that a combination of 75% recommended fertilizer, vermicompost, and neem cake resulted in the best plant growth. This treatment led to taller plants, more leaves and branches, and higher dry matter accumulation compared to other treatments. The control group without any added nutrients showed the least plant growth.