The researchers studied how to accurately predict the force needed to push steel pipes through sandy soil. They used a new method that involves recording and analyzing data during the pipe pushing process. By analyzing the data and using computer simulations, they were able to determine the resistance the pipe faces in the soil. They found that some existing models are good at predicting this resistance, while others underestimate it. This study helps in choosing the right model for predicting the force needed to push pipes through sandy soil.