Inefficient Irrigation Practices Threaten Food Security in Ethiopia's Wolaita Zone
The furrow irrigation system in Wolaita Zone, Ethiopia was found to be inefficient due to suboptimal management. A study evaluated the system on three fields using field experiments and simulation modeling. Results showed satisfactory irrigation efficiencies, with higher distribution uniformity and water losses. The application efficiency ranged from 55% to 73%, with low quarter adequacy and distribution uniformity. Runoff ratio was between 7% to 38%, and deep percolation ratio ranged from 1% to 25%. The study also found over-irrigation practices in the area.