The article discusses how countries are changing their public sectors by shifting power from central governments to local governments. This process, known as fiscal decentralization, aims to make public services more efficient and accountable to citizens. However, many countries still face challenges like limited local government funding and unclear roles between different levels of government. To improve this system, reforms are needed to clarify government roles, give local governments more financial independence, and ensure fair distribution of funds. By making these changes, countries can create a better system for delivering services and holding governments accountable to their citizens.